After a historical consideration of the types and evolution of accelerators the physics of particle beams is provided in detail. Topics dealt with comprise linear and nonlinear beam dynamics, collective phenomena in beams, and interactions of beams with the surroundings. The design and principles of synchrotrons, circular and linear colliders, and of linear accelerators are discussed next. Also technological aspects of accelerators (magnets, RF cavities, cryogenics, power supply, vacuum, beam instrumentation, injection and extraction) are reviewed, as well as accelerator operation (parameter control, beam feedback system, orbit correction, luminosity optimization). After introducing the largest accelerators and colliders of their times the application of accelerators and storage rings in industry, medicine, basic science, and energy research is discussed, including also synchrotron radiation sources and spallation sources. Finally, cosmic accelerators and an outlook for the future are given.
Über den Autor Ugo Amaldi
Ugo Amaldi has worked at CERN for thirty-five years, participating in and leading numerous experiments in particle physics and giving, in particular, significant contributions to the study of weak interactions and the unification of the fundamental forces. For thirteen years he has been spokesperson of DELPHI - one of CERN's international collaborations at the accelerator LEP, predecessor of LHC. Already in the 1950s he developed an interest in medical physics; in 1992 he came back to this subject with the creation of the TERA Foundation, which promotes research in oncological hadron therapy. In 2011, as a result of Amaldi's initiative, the Italian National Hadrontherapy Center for Cancer Treatment CNAO was opened in Pavia. In the last thirty years more than one third of the Italian high-school pupils have studied physics on his textbooks.